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27 comments:
Name: Tiffany Tam, 3Humility
It all started with Japan creating the so-called "September 18 Incident" as a pretext to occupy three provinces in Northeast China. After Japan besieged Nanjing, Nanjing was under the occupation of the Japanese Army. From then on, the ancient capital Nanjing suffered an unprecedented catastrophe and was turned into a living hell.
"The International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone" that was set up by the Westerners helped provide a sheltering place for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out. I feel that the Westerners are brave and courageous to help these refugees despite the dangerous zone they were in.
During the war, the Japanese Army committed extremely horrible crimes. It is unbelievable that they actually did so many things that one would not have done. They did not even spare the little children. Pregnant women were killed too, and they even cut open their stomach. The Japanese Army were inhuman. How could they lay hands on so many innocent people? A total of 300,000 lives were lost. Not including the grief that their families had to bear, in seeing how gruesome the Japanese aggressors killed the people. One of the survivors who's mother was slaughtered by the Japanese said, "Sixty-nine years on, the pain is always there." I believe that day and night, the pain is still there and the war has created much sorrow and grief to those who experienced it. It's hard to forget about what the Japanese had done.
Therefore, it is important to promote world peace and prevent such cruelty from happening again. I feel sorry for those whose lives were lost in the war, but we should also never forget those who died for the liberation of the country and value peace for them. History should not be forgotten, for it serves as a reminder to everyone of us that we need to cherish the peace that we're having now and at the same time, remember how much pain a war can cause.
Posted By : Toh HongYi , 3Humility
In the period attacking Shanghai from Auguest 15 to October 15,1937,the Japanese Air Force also raided Nanjing 65 times,killing and wounding numerous civilians and destroying their homes and properties.This picture shows the tragic scene after an air raid in Pingshi Street in the southern part of Nanjing. After the victory of the Japanese army , they start The cruel holocaust .
They were cruel and inhumane . They got what they want and still they want to continue killing innocents . Babies and Women are innocent , not a threat to them yet they kill anyone who they see not pleasing to their eyes. From an ancient capital , Nanjing turned into a living hell.
A total of 300,000 lives were lost , cannot think of the number.
The cruel holocaust simply show how horrible they are , Killing Innocents to them simply show their victorous victory over Nanjing.
Luckily there is a balance . Westerners played the good guy , they provided sheltering place for the poor locals , They were brave to help out despite the dangerous zone they were in . Going Against Japanese might even cause them to die. I see them as Brave Souls.
In conculsion , I think that it is best to promote world peace and I see Singapore supporting American on attack Iraq as for self interest. War and Suffering should no longer exist and we should pay respect those that had died for their country . Now History have shown us the kind of pain and hurt war cause , take it as a reminder , we should cherish the peace now .
Name:Samantha Jayne, 3Humility
This horrible event began when the Japanese faked the "September 18 Incident" to occupy three provinces in Northeast China.
From the moment Nanjing came under the Japanese rule, the people in Nanjing suffered great havoc and chaos. Their lives became a living hell.
To help the people of Nanjing, various Westerners joined hands to set up The International Committe for Nanjing Safety Zone. It's purpose was to help evacuate the people when the Japanese attacked.
Such a courageous act by the Westerners can only enable me to feel a strong sense of awe for them. Although they had the choice to flee, they stayed on, going through the horror of what was to come, just so that they could help the people of Nanjing. Such bravery these people had. It makes one feel a sense of pride when reading about what they did.
It is so unbelievable that the Japanese had been such cruel, heartless monsters. How could a human being inflict such pain and agony to a fellow human being? Are they not both made out of flesh and blood? It was as if the Japanese had their emotions removed and were made into walking zombies. To kill to please their Emperor.
Did they not feel an ounce of guilt, of shame when they stabbed a civilian just for the fun of it. Or when they ruined the life of a lady when they rape or gang-rape her? It is so sickening that they could even manage to slice open the stomach of a pregnant women so much so that a bowels were visible. What monstrosity! It is really hard to believe that there were such cold-blooded humans who walked the planet.
The most affected would be the survivors of the massacre. To die on the spot is one thing. To go through such horror and live on is far more worse. The horried memories will live on in their heart till the day they pass on.
It is of utmost difficulty for one to forget such cruel acts. Even more difficult, to forgive them.
The war created many uneccasary difficulties for all. Not only did the people attacked suffered, in the end, the Japanese also received their retribution. It was NOT a win-win situation at all.
This strongly confirms that it is of great importance to uphold and maintain World Peace. It would prevent such horrid incidents from occuring. Innocent lives would not be lost, uneccesary bloodshed would not be caused. Everyone would live in peace and not be troubled by the impacts of war. War is never a solution to any problem. It just makes things bigger.Furthermore, nobody wins in a war- all are affected. Even the people who begin the war.
We must not let history repeat itself, ever.
Name: Goh LiQuan, 3Integrity
The Nanking Massacre, commonly known as the Rape of Nanking, was an infamous genocidal war crime committed by the Japanese military in the capital of Nanjing, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. The duration of the massacre is not clearly defined, although the violence lasted well into the next six weeks, until early February 1938.
During the occupation of Nanjing, the Japanese army committed numerous atrocities, such as rape, looting, arson and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians. Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, a large number of innocent men were intentionally identified as enemy combatants and executed—or simply killed outright—as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread.
The extent of the atrocities is debated between China and Japan, with numbers ranging from some Japanese claims of several hundred, to the Chinese claim of a non-combatant death toll of 300,000. A number of Japanese researchers consider 100,000 – 200,000 to be an approximate value. Other nations usually believe the death toll to be between 150,000 – 300,000.[5] This number was first promulgated in January of 1938 by Harold Timperly, a journalist in China during the Japanese invasion, based on reports from contemporary eyewitnesses. Other sources, including Iris Chang's The Rape of Nanking, also promote 300,000 as the death toll.
In addition to the number of victims, some Japanese critics have even disputed whether the atrocity ever happened. While the Japanese government has acknowledged the incident did occur[citation needed], some Japanese nationalists have argued, partly using the Imperial Japanese Army's claims at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, that the death toll was military in nature and that no such civilian atrocities ever occurred. This claim has been criticised by various figures, citing statements of non-Chinese at the Tribunal, other eyewitnesses and by photographic and archaeological evidence that civilian deaths did occur.
I am very disgusted by Japan's treatment to China and its people during The Nanjing Massacre. I personally feel that Japan had no rights to do that to China even if they had invaded China, and it is morally wrong to do so.
The worse thing is, some Japan critics actually had the cheek to argue that such an incident did not happen. However, fact is that it did happen. Since Japan dared to treat China so miserably, why didn't they admit to their wrongdoings? The deaths were inflicted and it affected China to a large extent, but Japan actually refused to admit that they caused The Nanjing Massacre.
Therefore I feel sorry for China because they had to suffer under the occupation of Japan.
Charles Lee
3 Intergrity
Beginning on this chapter of Nanjing massacare, not knowing what to expect.
After what i have seen through the website, i have known more about what actually happen during the Massacare.Looking at what really happen and the pictures which show the suffering that the china citizens had to go through was heart-breaking and nerve wrecking. Though i may feel all so sorry for the citizens, we cannot really understand what the feelings like for them because whatever they suffered is to beyond our imgination.
The japanese are cruel from how they are treating the citizens to the facts they besides killing, they are destroying lives and breaking familes.History such as massacare of Nanjing is not only there as a history ,for us students to read but its acts as a warning system to us students that there is even more reason for us prevent a holocaust and any war from happening between countries.
Knowing that such wars are happening now, such wars should be shown to the leaders who are actually starting such wars because in the end , the questions will be "is this all worth it?"
Knowing this, i hope that students have read regarding the massacare will have deep thoughts and reflection of due to such implusive action by the japanese to rule one another and to gain resoucres, is that it?
Gregory Ang
3 Humility '07
The Nanjing Massacre started when Japan created the "September 18 Incident" as a pretext to occupy three different provinces in North-Eastern parts of China, thus initiating a world war. In 1937 at the beginnig of July, the Japanese army concocted the "Marco Polo Incident" on the outskirts of Beijing. This signalled the start of an invasion of China. In 3 months between August and November, the Japanese army conquered Shanghai and then beseiged Nanjing, which was then the capital of China, from 3 directions.
With the approach of the Japanese army, the citizens of Nanjing left the capital hurriedly, however more than 20 Westerners stayed behind regardless of the advice to evacuate. They decided to set up a rescue organisation called "the International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone" in the hope that there would be a sheltering place for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out. 25 refugee camps were set up in this zone and they accommodated more than 250000 refugees.
The six weeks right after Nanjing had been sacked, the Japanese Army murdered more than 300000 innocent people. The once capital of China suffered an unprecedented catastrophe and became a living hell.
All the westerners who stayed behind in Nanjing shared the same ideals which was to uphold the justice, humanity and righteousness. They cherished peace and life.
69 years on and i'm sure that the pain can still be felt by family and kin of those who were killed or tortured during the genocide? yeahh i definitely feel that the Japanese were crude and evil! If i were Miss Universe i would definitely encourage WORLD PEACE! we should bask in the peace that we have now and should try to avoid any war to prevent such a holocaust from taking place again! (:
Name: Koh Si Xuan, 3 Integrity
The Rape of Nanjing was one of the worst atrocities committed during World War II. On December 13, 1937, the Japanese army captured the city of Nanjing, then the capital of wartime China. According to the International Military Tribunal, during the ensuing massacre 20,000 Chinese men of military age were killed and approximately 20,000 cases of rape occurred; in all, the total number of people killed in and around the city of Nanjing was about 200,000. This carefully researched, intelligent collection of original essays considers the post-World War II treatment in China of the Nanjing Massacre and Japan. It examines how the issue has developed as a political and diplomatic controversy in the five decades since World War II.
This simply shows how cruel the Japanese were. How could a human being inflict such pain and agony to another fellow human being? I feel sorry for China as they suffered a lot. Many innocent lives were killed; they murdered and tortured countless civilians whose only crime was being Chinese. Over 300,000 people were killed and over 20,000 women were brutally raped. I believe that the Nanjing Massacre remains one of the most inhuman and horrifying crimes ever committed in the human civilization history.
Lillian Ang
3 Integrity
On September 18,1931, Japan created the so-called "September 18 Incident" as a pretext to occupy three provinces in Northeast China,thus igniting the fire of a world war.
In the period attacking Shanghai from Auguest 15 to October 15,1937, the Japanese Air Force also raided Nanjing 65 times,killing and wounding numerous civilians and destroying their homes and properties.
After the Japanese troops besieged the city, on December 13, 1973, Nanjing was under the occupation of the Japanese Army. Since then, Nanjing turned into a living hell.
The westerners set up an international rescue organization called "The International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone". They hope to provide a sheltering place for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out. They were very brave. Despite those dangerous circumstances, they still set up this zone. They really deserve to be respected.
In the following six weeks that Nanjing was under the occupation of the Japanese Army, the Japanese Army committed horrible crimes, murdering innocent people. In Nanjing more than 300,000 innocent citizens and unarmed soldiers were slaughtered.
The Japanese soldiers were totally inhumane! They raped and gang-raped innocent women. Pregnent women were raped, killed and their stomachs were cut open. Children were also killed.
The Japanese soldiers also used captured Chinese soldiers and young students as Guinea pigs for their "Killing Demonstration". What's more, they kill innocent people to amuse themselves! How could anyone bear to do that at all! After seeing those pictures, it really is heart-breaking.
The families of those who were innocently killed definitely suffered much pain, hatred and agony. We will never know how much hurt they felt. But I really do sympathise with those people. The war had definitely left the people with a very great negative impact which will never be forgotten. The pain, hatred and agony will be with them forever.
Thus, we should promote world peace to prevent more innocent people from getting hurt ad innocent lives from being taken. We should prevent history from repeating itself.
Song Ji Yeon
3 Integrity
The tragedy started with Japan creating the "September 18 Incident" as a pretext to occupy three provinces in Northeast China.
On 13 December 1937, Nanjing fell to the Japanese Imperial Army. The Japanese army launched a massacre for six weeks until early February 1938.
After capturing what was then the Chinese capital, Japanese soldiers went on an orgy of violence. They raped, murdered, looted and tortured.
Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, a large number of innocent men were intentionally identified as enemy combatants and executed—or simply killed outright—as the massacre gathered momentum.
A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread. Around three hundred thousand people, mostly civilians and 'Prisoners Of War', were brutally slaughtered. Over twenty thousand cases of rape were reported. Many of the victims were gang raped and then killed. The figure did not include those captives who were sent to army brothels (the so-called "comfort stations").
I feel so sorry for the victims and I can not believe that they had to kill so many people including the innocent ones even the little children. Two of the Japanese Officer even competed and see who could kill one hundred people first. They were heartless and inhumane. And I also feel very disgusted by one of the Japanese soldier who said 'Perhaps when we were raping her, we looked at her as a woman, but when we killed her, we just thought of her as something like a pig.'
Also, a number of Japanese politicians and writers claimed that the massacre had never occurred and history textbooks were rewritten by the authority describing the massacre as a minor accident. It must be reminded that contrary to Germany the Japanese government has never made any formal or official apology to the Chinese people for their crimes committed during the war. Instead, a number of Japanese politicians and writers denied not just the massacre but any of their wrong doings in the Second World War. They claimed that they had "liberated" Asian peoples from Western colonialism. The Nanjing massacre is one of their so-called "liberations".
We have to preserve the historical truth and let the victims of the massacre be remembered but not buried in lies. It is also crucial that we keep the world peace and we must not let such tragedy to happen again.
Alicia Tee, 3 Integrity
The Nanjing massacre was indeed a cruel, inhumane and terrifying event in history. It all started when Japan made up the "September 18 Incident", so that they could use it as an excuse to occupy the three provinces of Northeast China.
From Auguest 13 to November 12 1937, Japan attacked and took over Shanghai, and they marched to Nanjing from three different directions and besieged the city. On 13 December 1937, Nanjing was under the occupation of Japan, and that's where the nightmare began.
In only six weeks, Japan had committed horrible crimes like arson, mass destruction, mass killing, and even gang-raping.
Why are they so cruel to do such things? They killed more than 300,000 innocent people and unarmed soldiers, not even sparing the children and pregnant women. They even held a killing-contest! What were the Japanese troops thinking of at that point of time? Killing people just for fun doesn't seem fun to me.
It's scary. It's horrible. I don't know and don't want to know how is it like to be there at that time, to suffer and live in fear and agony everyday, to be afraid that you might be killed any second, without even the slightest warning. Such inhumanity. At the end of the day, the people who suffered most was not those who died, but those who survived. They would have to live with this nightmare forever, be tormented by the scary events which happened.
I believe that we should uphold peace even more as we know more about the Nanjing massacre. I believe that we should learn from the mistakes from the past, and never ever let history repeat itself.
The Nanjing massacre was a inhuman historical event which the Japanese do not have the courage to even acknowledge that it even happened.
Perhaps they are waiting for all the survivors of the massacre to die. So that there will no longer be any witness to this unbelievable crime.
During the massacre, they went against the rules of a war, they killed many innocent civilians. And they indulged themselves in sadistic entertainment
for example
"some Japanese soldiers tied the hands and feet of some refugees and threw them into a shallow pond, then the Japanese threw grenades, blood and flesh flew all over, the Japanese laughed wild"
"Japanese soldiers hang a young man for no reason at all with wire, and put dry wood below them, bake him slowly. After half of his body burned black, the Japanese soldiers left, shouting wild."
"a group of Japanese soldiers gang raped a middle-aged lady, later they learned that the lady was pregnant, so they cut open the lady and took out the fetus. They took the fetus as a toy and played in the streets, met with a Japanese officer, they wavered the fetus on their bayonets to the officer, the officer returned a smile"
such cases of brutal killings as entertainment were common at that point of time.
I feel that this event happened in the past and there is no way that the Japanese now could make up to what their ancestors have done.They might not be able to take responsibility for this but they should admit that such an event has happened and that large number of people were killed. And not deny that it had ever happened or say that the number of deaths were exaggerated.
Derek koh, 3Humility
The Nanjing massacre was one of the infamous massacre throughout the centurary. I personally have heard of the combodia's massacre but this is nothing like it.
The massacre started of with the japanese organizing murder of male civilians and it was conducted with the apparent sanction of the commanders on the pertext that Chinese soliders had removed their uniforms and were mingling with the population.Group of Chinese civilians were formed,bound with their hands behind their backs,and marched outside the walls of the city where they were killed in groups by machine gun fire and with bayonets.
Then the Japnese soldiers went off killing innocent people. Examples were men of all ages, from child to elderly. Even 3years old children were not spared. They also commited arson and looting. Raping were also commited by the Japanese soldiers to the nanjing women just for the soldiers un-rightful pleasure. The people were also killed in many different ways. There were shooting, toturing and the most infamous bayoneting.
The massacre also consist of killing demostration to show that anyone who defies the Japanese will be killed. Most of the acts, however, were done for the Japanese's pleasure. The barbarous behavior of the Japanese Army cannot be excused as the acts of a soldiery which had temporarily gotten out of hand when at last a stubbornly defended position had capitulated---rape,arson and murder continued to be committed on a large scale for at least four weeks after Matsui and Muto had entered the city. How true this sentance is.
Massacre also involves mass-killing. Thousands of people are killed every month.
In every war, there is always a war hero. In this Nanjing massacre, This hero goes by the name of "Living Goddess". Born in Illinois,USA, Minnie Vautrin was one of the few women of the western countries who volunteered to stay in Nanjing.She was a menber of the International Red Cross Committee of Nanjing.She made the campus of Jinling Women's College a refugee camp specially for young women and children.At the maximum,the female refugees staying in the college were over 9,000.In defiance of untold hardships and even risking her own life,she often went day and night in order to save and protect the women from the ravages of the Japanese soldiers.
Another hero was John Magee. He did a extremly important deed: Risking his life, he used a 16-mm movie camera,and recorded on-the-spot terrifying scenes,sometimes right after the barbarous Japanese soldiers finished killing.He also kept records of how the survivors were treated in Gulou(Drum Tower) Hospital.His films have helped preserve the testimony of historical facts for the world.
The last known hero in this Nanjing masscre was John Rabe. He was called a hero and given the title "Schindler of Nanjing" because he helped protect more than 200,000 lives of the Chinese refugees.
The acts of the Japanese soldier during the massacre were cruel and pschologically sick. For them to commit such acts, they have to become inhuman. I believed that the soldiers acted this way because they were too obessed in the war and were addicted to the acts of cruelty. I also feel sorry for the citizens of Nanjing as they have to experince such terrible fate. However, during these times, it was also when human's ture compassion and bravery stand out. The war heroes of this masscre were courageous and i must say, intelligent. For them to do these heroic acts,it must have taken them all the sourage they could mustered to not only think of the acts but to do it out.
In conclusion, the Nanjing massacre was a terrible and horrifying event which truely occured during war times. Although in the massacre the evil side of a human's heart was unvelied, it is also through these times that the compassion and bravery of a human stand out. I really do hope that such massacre would never hapen again as it will not benifit anyone but instead cause harm, destruction and sadness.
Name: HuiMei, 3 Integrity
The infamous genocidal war crime, known as the Nanjing Massacre, began on December 13th, 1937, and lasted for six weeks. During the period of occupation, the Japanese military committed a litany of atrocities against innocent civilians, including mass execution, raping, looting, and burning of property.
Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, it is claimed that a large number of innocent men were intentionally identified as enemy combatants and executed, or simply killed outright, as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread. Most experts had agreed that at least 300,000 Chinese died, and 20,000 women were raped.
Having heard of such big numbers of death toll throughout the whole incident, I was definitely horrified. We are not talking about online games whereby we ‘kill’ to earn experiences for certain benefits, but human lives killed for the sake of entertainment of the Japanese soldiers. How can they do such a thing to a human being in the first place? They are totally inhuman!
The Japanese see themselves as superior and they treat the victims as entertaining tools for themselves. They raped women ranging from as young as ten to seventy years old. Pregnant women and nuns were not spared either. Rampant raping took place in the streets or at religious worshiping places during the day, and many women was gang raped. Fathers were forced to rape daughters, sons to rape mothers and even monks, who had declared a life of celibacy, to rape. What that disgusted me the most is that some soldiers even forced men to have sex with CORPSES as well. Any resistance would be met with summary executions.
The whole event makes me wonder if the Japanese soldiers are really on the right mind during this period. This entire doings is clearly more than just pure revenge on the Chinese who slowed the Japanese invasion in the Asia Pacific. It may not be wrong to feel superior as this may helps to keep up the people’s morale. However, the brutal treatment to other ‘races’ is simply too much. It seems that the Japanese think themselves as the only human races and others were ‘trash’ that deserves no respect at all.
Although it has been sixty years since the Nanjing Massacre, the Japanese government refused to apologize for it even up to today. By apologizing, it is just to make the loved ones of the victims and the survivors of the incident feel better, and that’s the only thing the Japanese can do. So, why can’t they just do it?
The Nanjing Massacre shows the importance of world peace. Wars destroy our homes, and causes families to be separated eternally. Homes can be rebuilt after being destroyed, but the loss of the loved ones can never be replaced. No one will want to always live in sorrow and pain. Therefore, we as history students must strive to maintain world peace and not let history repeats again. (:
Having seen all those gruesome images and gained more knowledge on this massacre, I feel that the victims are truly piteous, especially so for the 300,000 fatalities. I find it particularly disturbing and disgusting that the Japanese raped both genders and took pleasure in doing so.
Actually I'm not exactly shocked at the acts of the Japanese because throughout history, similar incidents of violence and destruction have been happening, for example the Holocaust (Nazi concentration camps) and so on. Also, the Japanese had introduced controlling measures over their people in the past and if they could bear to force their own citizens to do things against their wishes, it is not very surprising that the Japanese would do such a thing to the innocent victims of the Nanjing Massacre. Furthermore, Japan's desire to dominate China was so strong hence at that point of time, it could do anything just to achieve its goal.
I’m just glad that the Japanese had learnt their lesson (they do not go around killing people now) and thankful that I was not one of the victims. If I were to be Japanese, I would be really ashamed of my own country if I know what they had done. And if I were to be a Japanese living in those times and happened to know about it, I would rather kill myself or flee from the country to avoid embarrassment. However, I doubt that I can flee unless I have the ability to turn invisible because I think there would be guards keeping people from leaving the country. I would do the same (like what most other Chinese civilians did at that time) if I was present at the massacre to avoid having my body misused and my dignity being taken away. At the very least, I would die with worth.
I think the 20 Westerners who built the Nanjing International Safety Zone to help provide a shelter for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out are really commendable and because they decided to stay behind despite knowing the danger they would be facing. That is a very honourable act. It is heartwarming to see countries helping one another out in times of need like a true friend would.
There is also one issue that I feel that the Japanese should deal with. Up till now, some people still do not admit that the incident had ever happened before. I think they should bet transparent about it so that the nation will learn from its past mistakes and remember how their ancestors used to be like. Furthermore, since they also learn history in school and history is supposed to be complete and taught without withholding details, the ministry of education in Japan should let the students know what really happened in truth rather than let them remain ignorant about the whole issue and about the world. They also have the right to know and knowing about this will surely help them in the future.
This incident teaches us that anything could happen in the next minute and we should be prepared fully for it. Everything seemed to have happened in a split second in context to that incident and because the citizens in Nanjing did not know better, they were caught totally off-guard. I think that if they were ready for any attack, the consequences might have been reduced greatly.
Also, the unpleasant incident can teach us how jealously and the desire for revenge can grow to become anger and even cause someone to become inhumane. Not only that, it taught us how the world was like in the past, how people treated one another and how mutual trust and inter-relations among nations are so important.
This incident is also part of the war in Asia Pacific and judging by the destruction this incident alone had caused, there is no doubt that the devastation and damage of the entire war must have been much more. Japan’s economy, social and political ties with other countries and most importantly, the people of the country must have been affected badly after this incident and it was sure to have caused a great negative impact on the world. This shows how much grief and pain a war can cause.
Therefore, I feel that the good of wars is that it teaches the world tough lessons and we’ll never forget it because we know the consequences we would have to bear if such a thing were to occur again. Hence I feel that the sufferings of the victims are more or less justified and at least they have not died in vain as people would remember them and the episode and so will all the more treasure the peace we enjoy currently and be reminded to live harmoniously so as to prevent another war; another catastrophe from taking place.
Name: Xavier Toh, 3Integrity
The 'Marco Polo Bridge' incident was the spark to one of the most heavily discussed tragedies and acts of war horrors in the past, the 'Rape Of Nanking'. Although till now, Japanese rightist groups still insist the massacre had not happened and that the casualties toll had been exaggerated, there have been photographic, video and actual accounts from family of the victims and the survivors themselves.
During the massacre, Japanese soldiers committed war crimes on a large scale that had not occurred before. They raped women, killed innocent children and tortured men. More vivid descriptions would include the familiar dissecting of a pregnant woman's tomb, throwing out the fetus and using it for bayonet practice. They even organized mass killings of civilians and built 'comfort stations' in which women are sent there to provide 'comfort' to the Japanese soldiers. The acts of horror can turn even the stomachs of the Japanese descendants themselves. Such sadistic atrocities occurred in the history of mankind. It was truly a dark period for Nanking. The death and casualties toll have been benchmarked at around 200,000 people.
Nanking was totally devastated and turned into a nightmare for the civilians. But in all the darkness, there was hope in the form of kind souls who formed a safety zone in Nanking to help the civilians. They were Westerners to boot. They had braved the fact that they might be captured and trialed for 'crimes against the Japanese' and risked their lives to shelter as many survivors as they can. They were beacons of hope back then. The numbers they sheltered have been marked at around 200,000.
For me, it had been an emotional turning point when I saw the amount of gore and blood spilled by the Japanese. For me, a history student, could only imagine what kind of horrors the real-life victims would have suffered. The memory of their family and friends tortured and killed in front of them would have been etched in their mind and the emotional and mental trauma would have totally devastated them.
I conclude that this is a lesson for both us and mankind. We should promote world peace and not condone this massacre. History is a valuable lesson to us and we should work towards world peace and not commit the same mistakes in the past. There is a thin line between peace and war right now and we can only hope that this tension cease and we can return to our lives once again.
Name: AMANDA CHUA, 3 INTEGRITY
Before I furthur read on on the Nanjing Massacre, I already had a briefly concept about this as I have gone to a museum in China last year and experieced it myself.When I first saw those pictures exhibited in the museum, I felt disgusted. How could people be so cruel to their fellow mates. They are all childs of god. How could be to be obsessed in killing? From one exhibit, it shows one particular situation that two Japanese soldiers had a competiton on killing. The one who kill more wins.Because of their competion, many people died vainly. Ridiculous! How could they treat killing as an entertainment!
The Nanking Massacre is known as the Rape of Nanking.It was an war crime committed by the Japanese military in Nanjing, then capital of the Republic of China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937.In the next six weeks, the Japanese committed the infamous Nanking Massacre, or the Rape of Nanking, during which an estimated 300,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed, and 20,000 women were raped. The nightmare begins.
Decenber 13
The crowds of refugees in the streets became battle targets. Using machine guns, rifles, and revolvers, the Japanese soldiers indiscriminately shot at these people. In this way the Nanjing massacre began to unfold.
December 14
With the Japanese tank battalions leading the way, artillery battalions and all kinds of vehicles poured into Nanjing. The Japanese forces came in great numbers and brutally and viciously continued to massacre people who had fled into the streets and alleyways.
The Japanese troops suddenly threw open Yijiang Gate and charged forward from the city towards Zhongshan Wharf and Xiaguan Station. Wielding machine guns and rifles, they recklessly fired upon the refugees and indiscriminately tossed grenades into the crowds.
December 16
More than 5,000 people who had taken refuge in the Overseas Chinese Center were bound together in groups and transported on large trucks to Xiaguan Station to be killed. The corpses were then disposed into the river.
After 17th
The Japanese arrested anybody who was suspected to be a Chinese soldier. A large number of young men who were arrested, together with those who had been captured earlier, were sent outside of the city to be massacred, from several thousand to tens of thousand at a time.
Things they done:
(I)THE TRAGEDY AT YANGTZE RIVER
(II)ANNIHILATION IN THE CITY
(III) MASS EXECUTION OF CAPTIVES
(IV) SCATTERED ATROCITIES WITH EXTREME CRUELTY
(V) RAPING
(VI) ATROCITIES IN THE SAFETY ZONE
(VII) LOOTING
(VIII) BURNING AND VANDALISM
It is huge lesson that all the Chinese would not forget. With these lessons, it remind us not to repeat the same mistake and do our part to protect our country.
Name: Chan Hui Bertrand, 3 Humility
The nanjing massacre is indeed one of the most horrible and gruesome events in the history of makind.
I believed that this all started with the Japan's selfish ambitions.
Japan wanted to conquer more land, but by doing so, many people have to be killed, therefore those are selfish ambitions.
Another reason why Japan is at fault is because, Japan was so called'playing unfairly'. War, if only inevitable, was only fought soldier to soldier, not harming the innocent civillians. But Japan did so and to a large extent.
But not only feelings of sadness are felt in this incident, there are also feelings of bravery for those who helped the weak and injured. In this case, the heroes are in fact, westerners who stayed behing in nanjing despite the war going on. A western pastor, father rao and other westerners helped set-up the international rescue organisation, the international comitee for Nanjing safety zone.
I personally feel that wars are terrible and should not have been fought. But all is not lost. We all as people of the present can learn from our past.Learning from our past is after all part of history. But those I really feel sorry for are those who lost their lives in the war and those who were witnesses or were kin to those who died in the war. These people who suffer even today. They know that Japan was much better today.But they can never ever forget what yesterday's Japan did to their friends or relatives in Nanjing.
Clara Chooi,3Humilty
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese Army concocted the Macro Polo Bridge which signaled the beginning of the all-out invasion of China. The Japanese Army claimed to be looking for a missing soldier when they attacked the bridge, which was a key access to Beijing.
In the period of attacking Shanghai from August 15 to October 15,1937,the Japanese Air Force also raided Nanjing 65 times, killing and wounding numerous civilians and destroying their homes and properties.
Organized and wholesale murder of male civilians was conducted with the apparent sanction of the commanders on the pretext that the Chinese soldiers had removed their uniforms and were mingling with the population. Group of Chinese civilians were formed, bound with their hands behind their backs, and marched outside the walls of the city where they were killed in groups by machine gun fire and with bayonets.
The total number of civilians and prisoners of war murdered in Nanjing and its vicinity during the first six weeks of the Japanese occupation was over 200,000.These figures do not take into account those persons whose bodies were destroyed by throwing them into the Yangtze River or otherwise disposed of by the Japanese.
More than 20 Westerners had decided to stay behind to set up an international rescue organization called "The International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone" in the hope that there would be a sheltering place for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out.
Approximately 20,000 cases of rape occurred within the city during the first month of the occupation.
Another who tried to help was an American woman, Minnie Vautrin. Minnie Vautrin suffered a nervous breakdown in 1940 and returned to the US. She committed suicide in 1941. –taken from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/223038.stm
Upon reading these figures, I was shocked because they killed around 200,000 people in just the first six weeks of their occupation. How can another human be so cold and unfeeling and kill so many people? The slogan of the Japanese was to liberate Asia from the control of the westerners, yet the way they treat the people were so heartless. There is no way that the people could respect their rulings over them. And this number had not included the number of bodies that the Japanese soldiers had disposed of into the river or burned up. Their actions were inhumane and not tolerable. The hurt was so huge, that even one of the westerners that had stayed behind to help, was shocked by the cruelty of the Japanese soldiers, and suffered a nervous breakdown, and end up committing suicide. This is the effect of an ‘outsider’, so doesn’t the hurt and grieves that the immediate family of the casualties feel even more? The hurt they felt would continue through their whole lives, while the Japanese soldiers do not even feel guilty for their actions, and even attempt to cover their actions by not educating their students about the actions they had done in the course of taking over China. The Japanese government even said that the Massacre did not even exist and was just made up by the people of China. How could they say that out of their mouths? Doesn’t it nudge at their conscience? There are proofs of the Nanjing massacre, yet they still vehemently say that this event did not occurred or is just a part of the war to take over China. They did not educate their young ones on the effect of war, letting them know the impact their ancestors had made, and therefore they should cherish the world peace now.
Name: Ng Sze Hoe, 3Humility
It all began on September 18, 1931 which Japan created the so-called "September 18 Incident" as a pretext to occupy three provinces in Northeast China, thus igniting the fire of a world war. From then on, the japanese invaded many parts of China, like the "Lugouqiao" and Shanghai. Soon after, they took over besieged the city, Nanjing. From December 13, 1937, Nanjing was under the occupation of the Japanese Army.
From then on, the ancient capital Nanjing suffered an unprecedented catastrophe and was turned into a living hell.
Many citizens of Nanjing, as well as foreign residents were leaving in a hurry. However, more than 20 westerners decided to stay behind. They decided to set up an international rescue organization called "The International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone" in the hope that there would be a sheltering place for the people who did not manage to evacuate when the war broke out. During that particular period, 25 refugee camps were set up in that zone.At the maximum,they accommodated as many as 250,000 refugees.
When I read about this, I looked up to these westerners, as when the citizens of Nanjing were unable to evacuate, they were their only hope for survival. Being total strangers to the Chinese, they could just not bother and leave Nanjing, but they stayed back to provide refuge to the Chinese.
However, the help was not enough. On December 13, 1937, Nanjing was besieged. In the following six weeks, the Japanese Army committed extremely horrible crimes, murdering innocent people.In Nanjing more than 300,000 innocent citizens and unarmed soldiers were slaughtered.The ancient capital Nanjing suffered an unprecedented catastrophe and was turned into a living hell.
Sometimes I really wonder why the word humanity exist with such cruelty happening. Humanity comes from the word human, mankind was given with the brain, the knowledge, but did it taught us to kill? What are the main aims of the war, for resources, for nationalism, but not for cruelty to take place. The cruelty goes to the extend after Japanese soldiers had gang-raped a pregnant woman, they cut open her stomach and her bowels exposed. [See More] Why did they do that? Hatred for the Chinese? Those were not orders by the Japanese Emperor, but by themselves.
To add on even more, these acts of cruelty were kept confidential to the outisde world. The first reportage only came out on January 23, 1938, more than a month after Nanjing was captured. [Early Reports On Nanjing]
On the whole, I think that it is best for mankind to reconsider their actions now, bombing for freedom is like having sex for virginity. Not talking about the terrorists, the American troops in Iraq, they are no different from the Japanese troops in Nanjing. Since the day America occupied Iraq, there have been reports, about the living hell, Iraq. Do you call that world peace? Mankind have to think again, what are our brains for? To learn how to kill?
The Nanjing Massacre. It started when the Japanese faked out the Spetember 18 Incident. Japanese were then able to occupy three provinces in Northeast China. This later led to a world war. In 1937, Japan devised the Marco Polo Bridge Incident as a pretext to the invasion of China. Hence, Nanjing was taken over by the Japanese in December 13, 1937.
With that, many citizens and foreigners living in Nanjing evacuated due to the Japanese invasion. However, a few Westerners decided to stay behind and help Nanjing. They built an international rescue organization called "The International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone". It was to provide a shelter for those people who were not able to evacuate when the war started.
When Japan was in control, they started committing many crimes beyond humanity. They gang-raped innocent females, before killing them grotesquely. Some had their bodies mutilated even after their death. Apart from that, the Japanese not only disemboweled, decapitated, and dismembered victims but performed more excruciating varieties of torture to men, women, and even children. Large groups of men were sometimes thrown into a pit and poured with gasoline, then ignited to burn to their deaths. Children who were barely three and younger were helplessly stabbed to their deaths after being tortured. The Japanese troops also conducted killing spree contests for their own entertainment, where men were used as mere targets to kill. Some had their eyes gorged out and ears removed. As estimation of 300,000 people lost their lives.
It's gruesome and I feel disgusted by their acts. All man on earth are equal and should be treated with updue respect. As I looked at the pictures, I feel some what sad for the people who suffered in this massacre. I feel that it is important to ensure world peace in this world. As when a war breaks out, not only soldiers are affected. Everyone in the world, even those not in the war, are and will be greatly affected. Even after the war, the aftermath remains devastating. There may be some damages to buildings and countries. However, the pain of those who survived the dreadful event will live to tell. Even to future generations. The "scars" of the war will remain.
Therefore, it is important for the following generations to know past History, as History serves as a reminder of events that happened in the past due to man's mistakes. Hence, we should strive to ensure that those mistakes will not be committed again.
Name: Stacy Chiam, 3Integrity
The Japanese subjugation of the capital of China in 1937 – 38 has been called "The Rape of Nanjing" or the "Nanjing Atrocity." It is considered one of the most brutal, sadistic acts of war in modern history and caused psychological repercussions to succeeding generations of Chinese. Based on estimates made by historians and charity organisations in the city at the time, between 250,000 and 300,000 people were killed, many of them women and children. The number of women raped was said by Westerners who were there to be 20,000, and there were widespread accounts of civilians being hacked to death. Chaos consumed the city. The Japanese lined people up by the hundreds and killed them en masse. Firing squads and beheadings became common scenery. As many as 57,000 people died during one execution, according to Rong Weimu, a researcher at the Institute of Modern History at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
It was horrifying to know that human beings could do such inhumane stuff to another living being. I really what was going through their mind when they killed so many people for no reason! Many innocent people were not spared, including children and pregnant woman. Dont they have any conscience? Killing people seem like ‘breathing oxygen’ to the Japanese. The hurt the Japanese had caused really scarred the Chinese forever. There was simply no way to atone for their sins as it was simply too inhumane.
For the Chinese, the Rape of Nanjing fuels hatred. For the Japanese, it fuels denial. Many Japanese officials and historians deny there was a massacre on such a scale. They admit that deaths and rapes did occur, but say they were on a much smaller scale than reported. And in any case, they argue, these things happen in times of war. But I beg to differ. We should tell the world the historical truth. For whatever wrongs we have made, we should learn from it and never should we let such an inhumane actions happen to any living being again.
name, kong wen yi
class, 3humility
The Nanking Massacre, commonly known as the Rape of Nanking, was an infamous genocidal war crime committed by the Japanese military in Nanjing, then capital of the Republic of China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. The duration of the massacre is not clearly defined, although the violence lasted well into the next six weeks, until early February 1938.
During the occupation of Nanjing, the Japanese army allegedly committed numerous atrocities, such as rape, looting, arson and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians. Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, it is claimed that a large number of innocent men were intentionally identified as enemy combatants and executed—or simply killed outright—as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread.
Upon viewing all these photos and reading up on the series of events that took placed, i am horrified and disgusted. How could mankind be so cruel? What more could i say? Could you imagine if these happen to your country and the whole nation is going through the same fate?
Therefore, it is important for us to study history and not never allow history to repeat itself. world peace(:
Question:
Why has the number of negative sects of
the nanking massacre increased in japan?
Answer:
It is perhaps because the following book is published.
This book is based on the confidential document
of the guomindang (chinese nationalist party).
===========================================================
Analyzing the "photographic evidence"
of the nanking massacre
http://www.amazon.co.jp/gp/reader/4794213816/ref=sib_dp_pt/503-7152288-3875968#reader-link
( -> http://www.sdh-fact.com/CL02_1/26_S4.pdf )
( -> http://www.soshisha.com/book_search/detail/1_1381.html )
-> http://www.soshisha.com/book_search/detail/1_1488.html )
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